**Brief Analysis of the Development of Millimeter Wave Radar**
Currently, the two main specifications of millimeter wave radar in the market are 24G and 77G, corresponding to the frequency bands of 24GHz and 77GHz, respectively. These technologies are widely used in automotive applications for different purposes.
The 24G radar has a wavelength of approximately 1.25 cm and is primarily designed for short-range detection. It is typically mounted at the rear of the vehicle to monitor the surrounding environment, such as pedestrians, other vehicles, and blind spots. Its main functions include parking assistance and lane change support.
On the other hand, 77G radar has a much shorter wavelength, less than 4 mm, making it suitable for medium- to long-range sensing. It is usually installed at the front of the car, often on the bumper, and is used for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), such as adaptive cruise control (ACC), automatic follow-up, and emergency braking (ABE).
Most modern vehicles today use a combination of 77G and multiple 24G radars to cover both short- and long-range needs. Additionally, high-end solutions like 79–81 GHz radar are being developed for close-range applications, offering higher bandwidth and resolution, which are especially useful in complex urban environments.
Due to its smaller size, the 77G radar requires significantly less space compared to 24G, while still achieving the same detection range. The antenna area of a 24G radar can be up to ten times larger than that of a 77G one. As a result, 77G is expected to become more prevalent in future vehicle designs, despite the technical challenges involved. With advancements in semiconductor technology and decreasing costs, it's likely that the industry will eventually move toward a unified 77G standard.
Several key manufacturers dominate the millimeter wave radar market, often referred to as the ABCD companies:
**A: Autoliv (Sweden)** – Known for its 24G radar products, Autoliv is a major supplier to the Daimler Group, particularly for 24G applications.
**B: Bosch (Germany)** – As the world’s largest Tier 1 supplier, Bosch specializes in 77G radar systems. Their product lineup includes MRR, LRR3, and LRR4, with MRR being the most cost-effective option.
**C: Continental (Germany)** – This company offers both 24G and 77G radar solutions and is a primary supplier to Daimler for 77G systems. Their products include ARS300, ARS400, and SRR200.
**D: Delphi (USA)** – Primarily focused on 77G radar, Delphi’s systems are more expensive but offer advanced performance.
Other notable players include Hella, a German auto parts manufacturer known for supplying 24G blind spot radar systems. While not as dominant as the ABCD companies, Hella plays an important role in the market.
In addition to technological progress, there is also a growing trend toward import substitution strategies, especially in response to foreign technological restrictions. Companies that can develop comparable or superior technology stand to gain significant market share. As the demand for ADAS continues to rise, the future of millimeter wave radar looks promising, with 77G leading the way.
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