Imported nuclear radiation tester and radiation tester units and units conversion - Database & Sql Blog Articles

Unit conversion formula

UNITS OF RADIATION MEASUREMENT

The curie (Ci) is a unit of radioactivity that represents the number of decays per second from 1 gram of radium. It is defined as 3.7 × 10¹⁰ decays per second, which equals 37 billion disintegrations per second or 37 gigabecquerels (GBq).

1 Becquerel (Bq) = 1 decay per second = 1 event per second.

1 microcurie (μCi) = 37,000 Bq = 37,000 decays per second.

1 microcurie (μCi) = 2.22 × 10⁶ disintegrations per minute = 2,220,000 disintegrations per minute (dpm).

1 nanocurie (nCi) = 1 billionth of a curie = 2,220 disintegrations per minute (dpm).

1 picocurie (pCi) = 2.2 disintegrations per minute (dpm).

Dosage units:

Gray (Gy) = 1 joule per kilogram (J/kg).

Sievert (Sv) = Gray × QF, where QF is the "quality factor" that accounts for the biological effect of different types of radiation. The Sievert measures the potential harm to human tissue.

Quality factors vary by particle type: - For electrons, positrons, and X-rays: QF = 1 - For neutrons and protons: QF = 3 to 10 depending on energy - For alpha particles and fission fragments: QF = 20

Converting older units:

1 rad = 1 centigray (cGy) = 10 milligrays (mGy) 1 rem = 1 centisievert (cSv) = 10 millisieverts (mSv) 1 mrad = 10 μGy

Nominal background radiation absorbed dose: 100 mrad/year = 1 mGy/yr. Nominal background radiation dose equivalent: 1 mrem/year = 10 μSv/yr. Occupational whole-body limit: 5 rem/year = 50 mSv/year (recently proposed reduction to 2 rem/year). Maximum average working level in industry: 2.5 mrem/hr = 25 μSv/hr.

Exposure rate from Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM): An empirically derived conversion factor for Ra-226 decay series is 1.82 microR/hour = 1 picoCurie/gram.

mR/h = 10 μSv/h mR = 10 μSv

Sievert (Sv)

Meaning: In physics, we know three main types of radiation: α (alpha), β (beta), and γ (gamma). X-rays are low-energy, and beta rays have a range that depends on their energy. These rays not only differ in physical properties but also in how they affect the human body. To compare their effects when interacting with living organisms, a value called the "dose equivalent" was introduced. This value takes into account the biological impact of each type of radiation.

Sievert (Sv), also known as Sivert, is a unit of dose equivalent. Its symbol is Sv, and 1 Sv = 100 rem.

Rem (Roentgen Equivalent Man) is another unit used to express the biological effect of radiation. It is calculated based on the exposure and the quality factor of the radiation type.

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