Imported nuclear radiation tester and radiation tester units and units conversion - Database & Sql Blog Articles

Unit Conversion Formula

Units of Radiation Measurement

The curie is a unit of radioactivity defined as the number of decays per second from 1 gram of radium-226, which equals approximately 3.7 × 10¹⁰ decays per second or 37 billion becquerels (Bq).

1 Becquerel (Bq) = 1 decay per second = 1 event per second.

1 microcurie (μCi) = 37,000 Bq = 37,000 decays per second.

1 microcurie = 2.22 × 10⁶ disintegrations per minute = 2,220,000 CPM (counts per minute).

1 nanocurie (nCi) = 1 billionth of a curie = 2,220 disintegrations per minute.

1 picocurie (pCi) = 2.2 disintegrations per minute.

Dosage Units:

Gray (Gy) = 1 joule per kilogram (J/kg). This measures the absorbed dose of radiation.

Sievert (Sv) = Gray × QF, where QF is the "quality factor," a value that accounts for the biological effect of different types of radiation. The Sievert is used to express the equivalent dose and reflects the potential harm to human tissue.

Quality factors vary depending on the type of radiation: - Electrons, positrons, and X-rays have a QF of 1. - Neutrons and protons have a QF between 3 and 10, depending on their energy. - Alpha particles and fission fragments have a QF of 20.

Converting Older Units:

1 rad = 1 centigray (cGy) = 10 milligrays (mGy).

1 rem = 1 centisievert (cSv) = 10 millisieverts (mSv).

1 mrad = 10 μGy.

Nominal background radiation is about 100 mrad/year, which is equivalent to 1 mGy/yr. Similarly, the biological equivalent of background radiation is about 1 mrem/year, or 10 μSv/yr.

The occupational whole-body radiation limit is 5 rem/year, or 50 mSv/year. Some recent proposals suggest reducing this limit to 2 rem/year.

Maximum average working level in industry is 2.5 mrem/hr, or 25 μSv/hr.

Exposure rate from Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM):

An empirically derived conversion factor for Ra-226 decay series is 1.82 microR/hour = 1 picoCurie per gram.

mR/h = 10 μSv/h

mR = 10 μSv

Sievert (Sv)

Also known as the "dose equivalent," the sievert is a unit used to measure the biological effect of ionizing radiation. It takes into account both the absorbed dose and the type of radiation involved.

Rem (Roentgen Equivalent Man)

Rem is another unit of equivalent dose, with 1 Sv equal to 100 rem.

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