In terms of general lighting, LED technology can meet the requirements of producing high-quality lamps, but when it comes to producing high-quality LED lamps, you need to master the three fields of power electronics, optics and thermal management. There are very few engineers who are proficient in three areas at the same time, and if the power engineer is also responsible for the system architecture, he will probably put more effort into controlling the accuracy of the output current. There is no doubt that accuracy is very important, but when our final product is a luminaire, the quality of the light it emits is the focus of our concern.
This article focuses on how to strictly control the LED drive current, because when we care about the output light quality, the control of the LED drive current will become an important factor affecting the LED power supply cost. In order to make the most of every penny used in LED power supply design, we propose an optimal solution in this paper—the control loop that closes the actual light output.
The emergence of the emerging field of semiconductor lighting has made engineers who specialize in three areas of power electronics, optics and thermal management (mechanical engineering) a sought-after talent. At present, there are not many engineers with experience in three fields, and this usually means that the background of the system engineer or the overall product engineer is related to these three areas, and they also need to cooperate with engineers in other fields as much as possible.
System engineers often bring their habits or accumulated experience in the original field into the design work, which is the same as what an electronic engineer who mainly studies digital systems turns to solve power management problems: they may rely on simplicity. The simulation, not on the test bench to test the power supply, directly on the board, because they did not realize: switching regulators need to carefully check the board layout; in addition, if not tested by the test bench, the actual working situation is very Difficult to match the simulation.
In the process of designing LED luminaires, when the system architecture engineer is a bit electronic power expert, or if the power supply design is contracted to an engineering company, some common habits in standard power supply design will appear in the LED driver design. Some habits are useful because LED drivers are very similar in many ways to traditional constant voltage sources. Both types of circuits operate over a wide range of input voltages and large output power. The other two types of circuits face the challenges of connecting to AC power, DC regulated power rails or batteries. .
Power electronics engineers are accustomed to always want to ensure high accuracy of the output voltage or current, which is not a good habit for LED drivers. Digital loads such as FPGAs and DSPs require lower core voltages, which in turn require tighter control to prevent higher bit error rates. Therefore, the tolerances of the digital power rails are usually controlled within ±1% or less than their nominal values, and can also be expressed in absolute values, such as 0.99V to 1.01V. When introducing the design habits of traditional power supplies into the field of LED driver design, the problem is that in order to achieve strict control of the output current tolerance, more power will be wasted and more expensive components will be used, or both. .
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