In the past few years, environmental issues have continued to heat up, and the current situation of various power consumption has changed drastically. There are many great changes in terminal electrical appliances, such as CRT TVs being replaced by LCD TVs, and even a lot of energy-consuming Incandescent lamps have also become the light source that has been banned in various countries.
Because 19% of the world's electricity consumption is used in lighting applications, if energy-saving lamps can be introduced into daily lighting, there may be significant savings in global energy consumption. Therefore, in order to create a more environmentally friendly image of the country, It is also actively promoting the development of lighting energy-saving applications through policies, regulations and industrial guidance. The use of the original LED or CCFL new light source design to replace the traditional light source and daily lighting applications has become an important development trend of the lighting industry.
Traditional light source application status
In most practical applications, a large number of high-efficiency, high-brightness light sources are still required. For example, street lamps, store lighting, store lighting, etc., high-performance, high-brightness lighting facilities are required, and most of them use high-intensity gas discharge lamps (High- Intensity discharge; HID) or halogen lamp to achieve high brightness, high illumination application requirements; in the store, store long-term demand, most of the choice of fluorescent tubes (CFL); residential still use a large number of incandescent lamps, Fluorescent lamps (CFLs), or new energy-saving bulbs that save power. In many practical applications, the most energy-intensive and inefficient light source should be dominated by incandescent lamps, because the application will convert a large amount of electrical energy into useless heat, which will also reduce the life of the lamp.
Observed by specific light source applications, the daily lighting market covers a wide range of applications, including building lighting, signs, landscape lighting, retail, signal lights, street lighting and residential lighting. To discuss the benefits of energy conservation, it is necessary to propose a scientific method for estimating the existing luminaires, for example, the input power ratio and the actual output lumens for performance measurement. Currently, the wattage per watt is also used to estimate the benchmark (or Energy efficiency efficacy) * estimated.
Different lighting schemes have large energy efficiency gaps
In the current lighting applications, incandescent lighting solutions are the least energy efficient, for example, with 60W incandescent lamps, energy efficiency is about 10 lm / W, compared to CFL fluorescent lamps, energy efficiency can reach 50 Lm/W. A 100W HID can have 80lm/W, which is equivalent to producing 8,000 lumens of brightness.
LED light source performance and practicality are greatly improved
The characteristic of LED is that it is an electronic component. It is necessary to use a gas-discharged HID lamp or a CFL fluorescent lamp. The volume of the high-pressure gas inside the glass container must be relatively small, without toxic elements, and the component itself. It has metal contacts and can be soldered to any surface for high convenience.
LED has many advantages in future light sources, and energy-saving benefits are the focus of the most concerned.
In the past, LEDs were limited in technology at the time, and the brightness could not be effectively improved. They were mostly used as auxiliary light sources for indicative purposes. However, with white LEDs as an example, the production methods have been greatly improved. For example, high-efficiency blue LEDs are used to produce approximate white light. The luminous effect, while greatly increasing the brightness output of a single component, the current white LED has made great progress in energy efficiency, the color temperature performance is 4,500 ~ 6,000k, the test data in the laboratory can reach the performance of more than 200 lm / W .
LED is a solid-state light source component. The hardness and strength of the component are high. It is not like the traditional light source. Because it is mainly made of glass, it will be afraid of falling and not impacting. It can also be matched with different phosphor design or configuration design. Producing a variety of different characteristics of the light source effect, the overall components are also free of mercury, while having a life cycle of more than 50,000 hours, LED life is much higher than incandescent lamps that can only operate for 1,000 hours.
There are still key issues to be overcome when importing live applications
Due to the difference in physical properties of LEDs in the original device, the concept of making a light source system is quite different from the traditional design, and more technical and professional assistance is needed.
LED bulb type design is relatively compact in space, how to achieve related circuit integration, it is necessary to achieve the design goal by integrating chips.
1, optical design
LED light source is a high-efficiency point light source. This kind of over-concentrated light source has quite a lot of problems in traditional applications. For example, if the desk lamp is used to make the close-range light type not well-proportioned, even the LED has wide color control flexibility. Energy efficiency performance is also quite good, but it will affect the use of perception when used in lighting applications. Point light sources must be optical lens or mechanism design (lens, light guide material) to produce light-like performance similar to traditional lamps, which will increase Lamp cost, it is difficult to break through the physical properties of optics in a compact configuration.
2, heat dissipation design
Similarly, the continuation of the LED component itself is a limitation of the point source. The temperature generated by the component when it emits light will be excessively concentrated on a single point. If the heat is not processed, the component will be burned or even shortened! In addition to the component itself It is necessary to strengthen the design for heat dissipation. For example, it can be improved through the design technology of chip gold wire or carrier board to achieve self-heating design. Even so, the heat source will still have excessive concentration in the spot position of the lamp. The active heat dissipation and passive heat dissipation design of the external components to improve the processing power of the junction temperature control has become a technical gap in the design of related lamps.
3, drive and control circuit design
In practical applications, the Led Driver illumination still needs a large number of electronic circuits to assist in achieving high efficiency. However, for the dimming design of general incandescent lamps, if you want to implement on a new LED light source, this must be powered by DC DC. Controlling the Power Supply adjustment, if the energy consumption and power efficiency are considered at the same time, the complexity of the electronic circuit of the drive will be greatly improved. The design of the system is a discrete design problem caused by a large number of independent components, so that the overall power saved is reversed. The relevant circuit is consumed.
At present, component manufacturers have adopted a single-chip dimming control IC design, so that the lighting industry does not need to re-develop the matching circuit of different lamps, and the ready-made solution can achieve the operation experience of comparing the old light source, and achieve higher efficiency. Energy saving benefits.
The E27 LED energy-saving bulb consumes only 6 watts.
4, power conversion circuit design
LEDs generally use DC DC drive, but AC LED has more application flexibility and advantages in practical applications, so it is also a very important trend to develop LED light source! Especially the general living power source is AC power, if To quickly make LED light sources popular in life applications, the development of AC-designed LED products is the key to the rapid growth of related applications.
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