The performance of a headphone speaker is primarily evaluated through several key technical indicators.
1. **Rated Power (W)**
Headphone speakers can experience various types of distortion, such as magnetic field imbalance and vibration system distortion, which are often more noticeable at low frequencies. Intermodulation distortion occurs when multiple frequency signals are played simultaneously, causing unwanted sound quality degradation. Transient distortion happens when the vibration system cannot keep up with rapid changes in the audio signal, resulting in signal distortion. Harmonic distortion refers to the addition of extra harmonic components during playback, which arise from nonlinearities in the magnetic field, diaphragm characteristics, and voice coil displacement. A high-quality headphone speaker typically has a harmonic distortion level of no more than 5%.
2. **Sensitivity (dB/W)**
Sensitivity measures the sound pressure level produced by the speaker at a distance of 1 meter when 1 watt of power is applied. It indicates how well the speaker can reproduce the fine details of an audio signal. The higher the sensitivity, the better the speaker can capture and deliver subtle audio nuances. For a Hi-Fi grade headphone speaker, the sensitivity should be above 86 dB/W.
3. **Directivity**
The directional characteristics of a headphone speaker refer to how its sound pressure varies depending on the direction of sound radiation. This is influenced by the size of the speaker driver. Larger drivers tend to have more directional sound, while smaller ones produce a broader dispersion. Frequency also plays a role—low-frequency sounds (below 250 Hz) are generally omnidirectional, while high-frequency sounds (up to 1.5 kHz) exhibit more directivity.
In addition to these technical aspects, modern headphone speakers are designed to be compact, lightweight, and highly portable. They often come with built-in amplifiers and diversity wireless receivers, weighing only around 3.6 kg, making them easy to carry and install. These devices feature external input ports for background music (BGM), and can be paired with models like WX-4800 for enhanced portability. They are suitable for outdoor use, especially when connected to a DC12V external power supply. Even without broadcasting equipment, a single local unit can enable wireless broadcasting.
Equipped with a 12cm conical full-range speaker and a 10W amplifier, these systems deliver strong volume and clear sound, despite their small size. They offer multiple input ports, including support for tape players, CD players, and MD players, and can be powered by a portable 12V battery. Additionally, they can be mounted on walls or ceilings using a microphone stand, offering flexibility for different installation scenarios.
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