**Summary of Web API Interface Design Experience**
1. **Determine Whether to Use GET or POST in Interface Definition**
Since our entire Web API platform is built on an MVC-based API structure, when defining Web API interfaces, it's generally a good practice to explicitly declare whether the method is `[HttpGet]` or `[HttpPost]`. Although some interfaces may not strictly require this, failing to do so can result in errors like:
> *The requested resource does not support the HTTP method "POST".*
For example, the `FindByID` method in the base class is defined as follows:
```csharp
///
/// Query the database to check if an object with the specified ID exists.
///
/// The ID value of the object
/// Returns the specified object if it exists; otherwise returns null.
[HttpGet]
public virtual T FindByID(string id, string token)
```
When adding or deleting data, the POST method is typically used, and more parameters are often required for security reasons. For instance:
```csharp
///
/// Insert the specified object into the database.
///
/// The specified object
/// Returns true if successful.
[HttpPost]
public virtual CommonResult Insert(T info, string token, string signature, string timestamp, string nonce, string appid)
```
By clearly specifying the HTTP method, we avoid unexpected errors and ensure better clarity and maintainability.
2. **Dynamic Object Interface Design**
In many cases, Web API interfaces may need to handle simple parameter types but still require POST requests. There are two common approaches: either define a class to encapsulate all parameters, or use a dynamic `JObject` to represent the incoming JSON data. While creating a class is more structured, it can become cumbersome when dealing with numerous small interfaces, leading to an increasing number of classes that are hard to manage.
An alternative is to use `JObject`, which is part of the `Newtonsoft.Json.Linq` namespace. This allows us to dynamically parse and access properties from the JSON input without needing to define a specific class for each interface. For example, consider the following interface for modifying a user’s password:
```csharp
///
/// Modify the user's password.
///
/// A dynamic object containing userName and userPassword
/// User access token
/// Returns the result of the operation.
[HttpPost]
public CommonResult ModifyPassword(JObject param, string token)
{
CheckResult checkResult = CheckToken(token);
dynamic obj = param;
if (obj != null)
{
string userName = obj.userName;
string userPassword = obj.userPassword;
bool success = BLLFactory.Instance.ModifyPassword(userName, userPassword);
return new CommonResult(success);
}
else
{
throw new MyApiException("Missing parameter");
}
}
```
Here, the `JObject` is converted to a dynamic object at runtime, allowing us to access its properties directly. This approach simplifies the design by eliminating the need for multiple entity classes for different interfaces.
On the client side, you can also dynamically generate the request body using anonymous objects and serialize them to JSON:
```csharp
public bool ModifyPassword(string userName, string userPassword)
{
var action = "ModifyPassword";
var postData = new
{
userName = userName,
userPassword = userPassword
}.ToJson();
string url = GetTokenUrl(action);
CommonResult result = JsonHelper.ConvertJson(url, postData);
return (result != null) ? result.Success : false;
}
```
This way, the client dynamically constructs the request payload, sends it via POST, and processes the response without prior knowledge of the exact structure of the data. This flexibility is especially useful when working with third-party APIs like WeChat, where the structure of the request may vary depending on the endpoint.
Overall, using dynamic objects in Web API design provides a powerful and flexible way to handle varying data structures while maintaining clean and maintainable code.
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