Under the backdrop of the Internet of Everything, the application of the Internet of Things has matured significantly. Edge computing has gradually gained attention and is now frequently discussed. The emergence of edge computing has improved data transmission performance across networks, and a substantial amount of investment has been poured into its widespread adoption. Major tech giants are also competing to establish their presence in this field, making the future of edge computing clearly visible.
With the rise of cloud computing, edge computing has become increasingly popular. Some have even used a phrase from *Romance of the Three Kingdoms*—“great things in the world must be divided, long-term things must be combinedâ€â€”to describe the relationship between cloud and edge computing. However, edge computing is not a new concept. IBM introduced it into public awareness through its IoT ecosystem map released in 2012.
[Image: Rapid development of the Internet of Things will boost the outbreak of edge computing]
**IBM IoT Eco Map**
**First, Is Edge Computing a Hype or a Trend?**
In today’s fast-paced technological environment, with the Internet of Everything gaining momentum, the popularity of the Internet of Things means that millions of IoT devices are being connected to the network. According to Gartner, by 2020, there will be 26 billion connected devices. As more devices join the IoT, they generate massive amounts of data, which brings both commercial value and challenges in processing.
The data generated by edge devices has reached an unprecedented scale, increasing the burden on cloud computing centers. Traditional cloud models can no longer efficiently handle the massive data flow, bandwidth limitations, and real-time response needs. According to IDC, global data volume will exceed 40ZB by 2020. Due to these constraints, edge computing has emerged as a key trend in the evolution of the Internet of Things.
**Second, Widespread Applications on the Edge**
In the era of big data 2.0, data types have become more complex. Edge computing enhances data transmission efficiency, ensures real-time processing, and delivers a smarter and faster user experience. With increased investment, edge computing is now being applied in various fields.
1) **Smart Home**
Many smart home devices currently connect to cloud servers via Wi-Fi modules, but this doesn’t fully meet the communication needs between devices. Edge computing enables different interaction scenarios in smart homes, often implemented through gateways and central control systems.
2) **Smart Traffic**
As traffic data grows, users demand real-time information. Transmitting all data back to the cloud causes bandwidth waste and delays. Processing data at the edge allows for real-time insights and efficient resource allocation. Edge computing is used in intelligent traffic systems, vehicle networks, and even autonomous vehicles.
3) **Smart City**
For location-based applications like transportation and facility management, edge computing outperforms cloud computing in terms of location recognition. It processes and collects geo-location data in real time without transferring it to the cloud.
**Third, Giant Players Are Expanding Their Presence**
1) **China Unicom**
At the ITU-T SG20 WP1 Plenary Session, China Unicom successfully established the "IoT Requirements for Edge Computing" international standard project, marking the first edge computing initiative under ITU-T in the IoT field. China Unicom is now leading the way in international standardization efforts for IoT edge computing.
China Unicom has also launched MEC (Multi-access Edge Computing) pilot projects in six cities, including Tianjin, Shanghai, and Hangzhou, building the world's largest test bed for edge cloud virtualization platforms.
2) **ARM**
In November 2017, ARM launched PSA for IoT security and Mbed Edge for enhanced edge management, aiming to strengthen the IoT infrastructure. Mbed Edge allows users to expand device management functions through IoT gateways, offering features like device onboarding, control, and diagnostics.
3) **ZTE Corporation**
ZTE has developed comprehensive edge computing solutions, covering technologies such as virtualization, containerization, and high-precision positioning. These solutions support multiple scenarios like service localization and car networking, aligning with ETSI standards.
4) **Marvell and Pixeom**
At CES 2018, Marvell and Pixeom demonstrated an efficient and affordable edge computing system using the MACCHIATObin board and Pixeom technology. This solution enhances cloud capabilities at the network edge, improving operational efficiency and reducing latency.
**Fourth, Conclusion**
Edge computing integrates various IoT technologies, including peer-to-peer, grid computing, fog computing, blockchain, and CDNs. Its applications span numerous industries. While cloud computing may still play a role, the rapid growth of the IoT and the expansion of edge computing are set to reshape the tech landscape.
From April 25 to 27, 2018, the International Internet of Things Expo took place in Suzhou, showcasing cutting-edge solutions in edge computing, smart manufacturing, AI, and more. It provided a valuable platform for industry professionals to exchange ideas and explore future opportunities.
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