In the future, the factory will have extremely rich information – each device constantly reports its status and the entire production line can be dynamically adjusted. One of the key components of the so-called Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is the inconspicuous radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, especially for manufacturing execution systems (MES) and supply chain management.
How far will manufacturers go on the road of RFID? Is the benefit it deserves to pay for it?
In search of answers, researchers at Fraunhofer (Germany and even Europe's largest applied scientific research institute) Institute of Plant Operation and Automation IFF have worked with Mercedes-Benz Commercial Vehicles in Ludwigs near Berlin. A feasibility study was conducted at the factory in Deer.
Marc Kujath, a researcher at the institute, said: "Radio frequency identification or RFID tags on parts can greatly improve process reliability and efficiency."
Their RFID system consists of optical scanners and tags on key parts of the car. The researchers identified 40 vehicle components that are best suited for marking, especially mirrors and seats.
01
Automatic online check
There are two important differences between using barcodes and using RFID tags to track critical parts.
First, the barcode stores only the identification information, and the RFID tag can contain a history of the part and information about the vehicle it is to be installed on. The second important difference is that the barcode must be read manually and can only be read at a time; the RFID tag can be read simultaneously with just one optical scanner, even after the part is installed. Therefore, all the information contained in the RFID tag can be easily retrieved in seconds.
Researchers at Fraunhofer IFF believe that this is a key advantage in the automotive industry because it allows workers to verify all the components that must be installed on the front and rear axles, such as during installation. Before the results of these studies, the axles were only finalized until the final verification, and workers were required to visually inspect and use the paper list.
“RFID tags allow us to increase product transparency,†Kujath said.
02
Improve production scheduling
According to Fraunhofer IFF researchers, the transparency of RFID tags is also conducive to the overall production of Mercedes-Benz commercial vehicles. “For example, we have reduced the blind spots in production scheduling,†explains Kujath. “This means that project managers now know the obstacles in the production process and can ask the right questions at the right time. We also consider their role as a role. The project manager will eventually need more information from different sources than the technician."
It is reported that they will involve Daimler's standard test in the next step.
03
RFID in the automotive industry
As is often the case in manufacturing, the question of whether to adopt RFID tags in the automotive industry comes down to a key variable: cost. According to RFID magazine, the cost of passive RFID tags ranges from $0.07 to $0.15. Obviously, the size of the volume will have different results, but in the automotive industry, the 7 cents per part is not a small sum, especially when your profit is meager.
The price of an RFID tag is likely to only need to reach a critical point, such as 5 cents per tag, making it an industry standard, but even in this case, it is impossible to label all parts. However, if the efficiency of the increase exceeds the cost of additional expenses, then RFID seems to be no problem.
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