In the field of industrial production, robot testing products rely heavily on machine vision . The sensitivity of the vision will directly affect the detection speed and quality of the product. Therefore, it is especially important to design a quality visual product. In the design process, the designer will Faced with many problems such as visual positioning, measurement, detection and identification.
First, the stability of lighting
Industrial vision applications are generally divided into four categories: positioning, measurement, detection, and identification, where the measurement requires the highest stability of illumination, because as long as the illumination changes by 10-20%, the measurement results may deviate by 1-2 pixels. This is not a software problem. This is a change in illumination, which causes a change in the position of the edge of the image. Even if the software is not solved, the problem must be solved. From the perspective of system design, the interference of ambient light must be eliminated, and the active illumination source must be guaranteed. Luminescence stability. Of course, the improvement of the resolution of the hardware camera is also a way to improve the accuracy and resist environmental interference. For example, the space size of the camera corresponding to the previous camera is 10 pixels per pixel, and by increasing the resolution to become 1 pixel 5um, the accuracy can be considered to be doubled, and the interference to the environment is naturally enhanced.
Second, the position of the workpiece is not consistent
Generally, the measurement project, whether it is offline detection or online detection, as long as it is a fully automated testing equipment , the first step is to find the target to be tested. Every time the object to be tested appears in the field of view, it is necessary to know exactly where the object to be tested is, even if you use some mechanical fixtures, etc., it is not possible to ensure that the object to be tested appears in the same position every time. This requires the positioning function. If the positioning is not accurate, the position where the measuring tool appears may be inaccurate, and the measurement result may sometimes have a large deviation.
Third, calibration
Generally, the following calibrations are required for high-precision measurement: First, optical distortion calibration (if you are not using a software lens, you must generally calibrate); Second, the calibration of the projection distortion is also because your installation position error represents The image distortion correction, the calibration of the three object image space, is to specifically calculate the size of the corresponding object space of each pixel.
However, the current calibration algorithms are based on plane calibration. If the physics to be measured is not planar, the calibration will need to be processed by some special algorithms. The usual calibration algorithm cannot be solved.
In addition, some calibrations, because the calibration plate is not used, must also design a special calibration method, so the calibration may not be completely solved by the calibration algorithm already in the software.
Fourth, the speed of movement of the object
If the object being measured is not stationary, but is in motion, then the motion blur must be considered for image accuracy (fuzzy pixels = object motion speed * camera exposure time), which is not software solver.
Fifth, the measurement accuracy of the software
In the measurement application, the accuracy of the software can only be considered in 1/2-1/4 pixels, preferably in 1/2, but not as accurate as 1/10-1/30 pixels in the positioning application, because in measurement applications. The software is able to extract very few feature points from the image.
The speed and measurement accuracy of machine vision occupy an important position in the whole product. The speed of motion is inversely proportional to the detection ability. The faster the motion, the relatively poor quality of the detection, so it is important to improve the motion accuracy and detection details.
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