The technology advancement in the communications industry is very fast. When 4G just realized commercial scale, people's attention has turned to 5G.
During the 2015 World Mobile Congress in Shanghai, many speakers mentioned 5G. Some talk about market demand, some talk about technology, and others like to define the future 5G as a "revolution." This is based on the fact that previous generations of mobile communication technologies have focused on the communication technology itself, and from 4G, factors other than communication have become more and more important, such as application scenarios, industry needs, and integration with IT architecture. and many more. So 5G began to consider how to deal with these problems at the beginning of planning and conceiving. It is not an exaggeration to call it a "revolution."
However, Magnus Ewerbring, chief technology officer of Ericsson Asia Pacific, does not like the word "revolution" because the telecommunications industry has a large amount of early infrastructure, and operators hope that these investments will continue to generate value. In contrast, Magnus prefers to use "evolution" to describe 5G. "Future 5G technology must not only have revolutionary new technologies, but also evolution technologies based on existing technologies, which can be fully backward compatible and make full use of existing investments." Magnus said, "The two complement each other to enable operators." Successfully transition to 5G commercialization in 2020."
Ericsson Asia Pacific CTO MagnusEwerbring
a big change in five years
In recent years, the global mobile communication market has changed a lot. Many countries including China have launched 4G services, and smartphones have quickly entered a period of widespread popularity. According to Magnus, Ericsson has predicted that by 2020, the number of smartphone users worldwide will reach 6.1 billion, while the number of mobile broadband users will rise to about 8 billion, and the total number of mobile users will reach 9.2 billion.
“That is, in 2020, almost one person in the world has a mobile phone, and two-thirds of them use a smartphone,†Magnus said.
Ericsson expects that the number of 2GGSM subscribers will drop from 2 billion to less than 700 million at the same time. At the same time, users of 3G and 4G LTE will have tremendous growth. In China, under the strong promotion of operators, 4G will occupy the mainstream, and the share of 2G and 3G users will be significantly reduced. "That is, the way people use mobile devices to access mobile networks will change dramatically in five years," Magnus said.
At the same time, the promotion of 4GLTE will further stimulate the enthusiasm of consumers and industry applications, and soon there will be more than 50 billion connections, application needs from all walks of life and high-quality, high-traffic data needs. The telecommunications industry needs to support these new application requirements, so the development and commercialization of 5G has become very urgent.
Magnus told reporters that in fact, whether it is broadband connection in large public places or remote control of machines under dangerous working conditions such as mines, some 5G solutions have already been put into use, but they are widely used in public communication networks. The time around.
Six major trends of 5G
So in the final analysis, what requirements should 5G meet? Magnus believes that it can be viewed in six ways.
First, the scalability is very strong. Nowadays, many high-quality mobile applications will soon become popular and spread across geographical, national, and marine limits for hundreds of millions of users. Therefore, the 5G network that supports this must have sufficient expansion capabilities.
Second, there must be sufficient flexibility. Because a large number of users' behaviors and habits may change very suddenly, such as gathering a large number of users in a short period of time, their requests for certain applications, data bandwidth, etc. may be very concentrated, which requires the network to be very Good flexibility.
The third is sustainability. Under long-term operation, the power consumed by the equipment is very large, which is not only related to the cost of the operator, but also the social responsibility of the enterprise to save energy, so 5G must provide a good solution for this.
Fourth, there must be strong information security measures. Nowadays, people's daily life and work are more and more dependent on mobile phones. Information about individuals and relatives, bank accounts and credit card data are all saved and transmitted through mobile phones. Therefore, 5G must adopt new technologies to ensure security.
Fifth, standardization should be strengthened. The success of the 2G era GSM standard is because it is a widely accepted standard that is universally available around the world. 5G should also reach a comprehensive standard, which will promote the increase in usage and the overall price decline, forming a virtuous circle.
Sixth is reliability. Modern society's dependence on communication networks and services will become stronger and stronger, so the reliability of the network is also highly valued. To take on the heavy responsibilities, 5G must provide reassuring reliability and ensure that the network is always available.
Detailing: faster, more, more flexible
The European METIS project alliance established in 2012 has put forward a series of specific requirements for the performance of 5G. For example, the user bit rate should increase by 10 to 100 times, the delay should be reduced by 5 times, and the capacity of mobile users should be increased by 1000 times. , battery life increased by 10 times and so on. METIS hopes to help the industry determine the approximate goals when developing a next-generation solution by presenting these standards.
5G is also preparing for massive "machine-to-machine" communications, which Magnus believes may be more important. "It is estimated that by 2020, there will be 26 billion connected devices worldwide, including mobile phones, laptops, personal computers and other connected devices, so machine-to-machine communication will become very important," Magnus said.
When it comes to 5G, many companies or organizations like to use a "revolution" to describe, but Magnus feels that this word will not be welcomed by global operators. Because the telecommunications industry has a large number of infrastructures that use early technology, operators hope to make full use of these investments, so Ericsson prefers to use "evolution" to describe 5G.
Magnus believes that 5G technology must be composed of existing technology evolution and revolutionary new technologies. The former can be fully backwards compatible, allowing operators to take advantage of existing investments, while the latter uses new wireless access technologies and uses new frequency bands to enable operators to choose the solution that suits them. The two complement each other to help operators smoothly transition to 5G commercialization in 2020 and the post-5G era.
According to Magnus, one of Ericsson's principles for developing 5G is to minimize the need for operators to update their equipment. If new equipment must be replaced, the update will be kept to a minimum as much as possible, allowing operators to evolve to 5G at the lowest possible cost.
Promote commercialization
Ericsson has invested very early in the 5G field and has achieved very rich results. Magnus told reporters that Ericsson launched a 5G prototype in 2014 and conducted a series of software and hardware tests. In July 2014, Ericsson achieved a 5Gbps throughput rate on the 15GHz spectrum. In February 2015, Ericsson realized 5G-LTE dual connectivity and 5G multipoint connectivity, and then in June, implemented a 5G mobile device to simultaneously connect to multiple 5G cellular base stations to achieve multipoint connectivity.
While technology verification continues to advance, Ericsson has begun to gradually try to apply in practical scenarios to promote the development of 5G to commercialization. Since 2014, Ericsson has carried out the construction of 5G technical verification and test network with operators in many countries around the world. In June 2015, Ericsson launched the Swedish 5G pilot project, which applied 5G to remote control engineering vehicles to mine and transport ore, which effectively promoted the development of 5G industry applications.
For the development of 5G, whether to take TDD or FDD route? Magnus's point of view is that this is not important, it should be seen which technology or which frequency band has more demand and lower cost. Ericsson will minimize the difference between TDD and FDD LTE. The hardware should be as consistent or compatible as possible, and the software should take into account both TDD and FDD.
"Ericsson's principle is to minimize the difference between TDD and FDD," Magnus said. "As far as operators are concerned, there is not much to consider whether to choose FDD or TDD, and everything goes forward."
Magnus finally said that he hopes that the global communications industry will join hands and reach a unified standard to deploy 5G. This can meet a large number of requirements, but also to ensure that the cost is low enough, so that everyone can afford, affordable 5G equipment and services. "I think that 15 years later, 5G may become the main bearer network of the Internet, which is why people's requirements for 5G are 10 times and 100 times that of the existing technology." Magnus said, "This requires us to work together."
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