How to prevent auto-driving cars from hitting people? These technologies are key

In the early hours of the 19th, local time, a self-driving Uber vehicle struck and killed a woman crossing the road in Arizona. This tragic incident marked the first fatality involving a fully autonomous car on a public road, pushing Uber to the brink of a major crisis. However, just a few hours later, the head of the Tempe Police Department, who was leading the investigation, stated that preliminary findings suggested Uber might not be at fault in the accident. The sudden shift in perspective left many people confused about what really happened. From the accident scene and the configuration of the Uber vehicle, it appeared that the radar and camera systems may have failed to detect the pedestrian in time. To uncover the truth, the Tempe Police released a video captured by the car. In the footage, the Uber autonomous vehicle (a Volvo XC90) was speeding through a poorly lit area, with only its headlights providing any illumination. The victim suddenly appeared in front of the car, and due to the high speed, the vehicle was unable to stop in time, resulting in a fatal collision. Neither the human safety driver nor the self-driving system reacted quickly enough. But if humans couldn’t react, why didn’t the car? Is the purpose of self-driving technology simply to free drivers from manual control, or is it meant to surpass human driving capabilities? The answer is clearly no. Self-driving cars are designed to be safer than human drivers, not just an alternative. So, what exactly went wrong with Uber’s autonomous system? Before answering that, it's important to understand how the car was programmed to operate. According to the accident scene, the Uber vehicle was developed by its Advanced Technology Group (ATG). Uber had previously stated that the car was equipped with a comprehensive sensor system: - A top-mounted lidar that creates 3D images around the car multiple times per second; - Front and rear radar systems that provide 360-degree coverage without blind spots; - Short- and long-range optical cameras for real-time image analysis. Despite this advanced setup, the accident still occurred. The most likely cause was either insufficient sensor performance or an ineffective integration between the systems. It seems that the lack of coordination between the lidar, radar, and camera processing contributed significantly to the failure. For self-driving cars to be truly safe, it's crucial to understand the strengths and weaknesses of each sensor. Mark Rosenk, former chairman of the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board, emphasized that this incident could slow down the development of autonomous vehicles unless the underlying issues—particularly with radar and camera systems—are addressed. Regaining public trust will require solving these technical challenges.

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